A multi-ethnic team enjoying lunch and smiling to show harmony

Transform Conflict into Collaboration: The Benefits of Cognitive Diversity

Friction, conflict, discord—call it what you like, it’s present in most cognitively diverse teams even when not invited. It shows up unannounced at meetings and lingers like a bad smell. While it can provide differing and innovative views, it can also hinder collaboration.

By understanding and managing these dynamics, we can turn potential conflicts into opportunities for growth and innovation, helping our teams thrive rather than remain demotivated. Let’s look at how to transform this conflict into collaboration

Unlock a wealth of creativity by transforming conflict into collaboration

Cognitive diversity refers to the inclusion of people who have different ways of thinking, distinct problem-solving approaches, and varied perspectives. When we bring together individuals with diverse cognitive styles, we unlock a wealth of creativity and innovation that can drive our teams and organizations to new heights, such as:

  • Enhanced Problem-Solving
  • Increased Innovation
  • Improved Decision-Making
  • Broader Skill Set

Let’s explore how a cognitively diverse team can turn conflict into collaboration

Case Study: Elena and Kwame

Meet Elena, a strategic thinker who excels at looking at the big picture and future implications. She is known for her indirect communication style, which she believes fosters harmony and avoids confrontation. In the same team, we have Kwame, an analytical thinker who is direct in his communication. Kwame is data-driven and prefers clear, concise conversations to address issues head-on.

The Clash

Team Culture Clash creates friction rather than collaboration

Recently, during a project meeting, Elena suggested a long-term strategy to expand the company’s market presence. She presented her ideas subtly, hinting at potential benefits without going into too much detail. Kwame, on the other hand, sought immediate clarity. He interrupted with direct questions, asking for specific data and concrete steps to validate Elena’s vision.

This led to a tense exchange. Elena, who does not appreciate conflict, visibly lost her confidence and excused herself from the meeting to avoid further discord and discomfort for the other team members.

Elena was furious with herself for allowing the situation to unfold as it did, and she was equally frustrated with Kwame for putting her in that position. What could have been a true strength for the team instead created unnecessary tension.

What could they have done differently to turn their conflict into collaboration?

To avoid reaching this moment, consider these three steps:

1. Team Culture Discussion: At the beginning of any new project or when a new team forms, hold a team culture discussion where each member shares their values and communication styles.

2. Understanding Similarities and Differences: Examine the similarities and differences between team members and discuss how their communication impacts their thinking, meeting techniques, conflict resolution, and decision-making processes.

3. Defining Team Culture: Collaboratively discuss what you want your team culture to look, feel, and sound like. Ask, “How can we make the most out of our differences?”

What does it look like in a meeting?

Effective Communication:  Encourage Elena to be more explicit in presenting her ideas and ask Kwame to consider the strategic context before diving into details. This helps both appreciate the other’s perspective and adapt their communication techniques.

– Embrace Different Thinking Styles: Value Elena’s strategic thinking for long-term planning and Kwame’s analytical skills for immediate problem-solving. Combine these strengths by having Elena outline the vision and goals, while Kwame provides the data and steps needed to achieve them. This complementary approach leads to a more comprehensive project plan.

– Facilitate Inclusive Meetings: Restructure meetings to allow each member to share their views without interruption. Techniques like round-robin sharing ensure that both Elena’s strategic insights and Kwame’s analytical assessments are heard and integrated.

By addressing and leveraging their cognitive and cultural diversity, the team turned potential conflict into a powerful collaborative advantage. They enriched their team dynamics and enhanced their ability to innovate and succeed and finally soar.

#CognitiveDiversity #TeamCollaboration #Innovation #InclusiveWorkplace #Leadership #DiversityAndInclusion

Culturelink - lessons in team dynamics

Team Dynamics: Lessons from a Marathon Journey

Three months ago, I ran my first ever (and likely last ever) full marathon. I’m surprised that what I considered to be such an individual sport taught me so much about team dynamics. The ten months training journey, and the race itself, provided unexpected insights that can be easily be applied to a team setting in a professional organisation. It demonstrated the importance of transparency in goal setting with the whole team, collaboration in difficult times, celebrating achievements as a group and opening up to discuss your fears and apprehensions rather than keeping them locked up inside. Let’s look at each of these considering how they influence a positive team culture.

Setting Goals and Planning with the Team

My New Year’s resolution in January 2023 was to run a marathon. I have been running my entire life, more or less. However, during COVID I injured my knee and most of the medics I visited told me to forget about running and find a different sport to engage in.

You’re probably thinking here that’s what inspired me. Maybe it did eventually, but initially it devastated me. I spent weeks crying and feeling sorry for myself. My identity has always been keenly attached to being an athlete. Not being able to run, was a form of losing my identity. Which many of us know can be frightful.

So after two years of not running, I decided the time had come to prove to myself that I was capable of running the 42km marathon. I had been working in the gym to strengthen my leg muscles to support my knee, and I’d been seeing a physiotherapist just about every week.

It was time to set clear goals and objectives, as you would with any project team. I watched zillions of YouTube videos, read several books and listened to some very boring podcasts, on how to approach running a marathon. I realised that the first thing I needed to do was set realistic goals and a milestones. However, not on my own, ideally with the full team of people surrounding and supporting me.

Setting milestones for positive team dynamics

I chose a marathon that fell on my birthday, in November, which gave me about 10 months to prepare for. I decided to run the Nice to Cannes marathon along the sunny southern coast of France. It was a birthday present to myself.

I had two major milestones to reach before really engaging in heavy training. A 10km run in February and a half-marathon in April. Once the half-marathon was complete, I had an idea of what time I could run in 21 km. This was the basis for setting a marathon pace and therefore a training pace. I felt ready and purchased a 16-week training plan for the marathon preparation.

Throughout the entire journey, I had three main team members. The team dynamics revolved mostly around these three people. I had been working very closely with a physiotherapist since the knee injury. Once I decided that I was ready to start training for the marathon, we discussed the best way to reach our objectives. Obviously without injuring myself again. We discussed the best approach all round. Without him, I could not have made it past the first month of training. As soon as I ached somewhere, he “fixed” me and ensured I didn’t lose morale or sight of the objective.

Reliablity and accountability

I also has an important team member as a nutritionist. He gave me a training diet in June to help me during the extenuating training, ensuring I could work hard but also recover well. I had to take on accountability of following the regime, but whenever I felt like going off track, I thought that I’d disappoint him, and that’s what kept me on track.

The third team member was my husband. He helped me with the psychological training. Helping me through the moments when I thought it was all too hard running through the Italian summer with 30°C+ temperatures. The Sunday runs had to be long 30-37km. He would run at least 10 of those km with me nearly every Sunday to make the load seem a little lighter. I had other “extended” team members along the way, which we will soon see.

The three of them helped me along journey, spurring me on, checking that my weekly objectives were accurate, not too challenging and not too easy to achieve. In hindsight, when it came to objective setting, where I could have improved, was to actually set my final race day objective with the team. I had set an objective (i.e. to run it in 3 hours 45 minutes) but I didn’t really discuss it with anybody, it was kept inside. Likely because I was afraid that if I didn’t make it people might laugh at me or tell me that I always set my standards too high, the usual.

Transparency creates accountability

To create healthy team dynamics, I should have discussed this openly with the team. If you tell your colleagues what your objectives and aspirations are, they not only can help you achieve them by knowing what you are challenged by and understanding when you may need some support, but more importantly, they can help you set milestones that are realistic rather than too challenging or not challenging enough.  This encourages accountability on all sides.

Setting milestones transparently with the team shows your colleagues that you trust them and their knowledge. It allows you to involve them. This enhances collaboration and team spirit because they all feel more involved, take on accountability, will be more motivated to help and take on important roles.

Endurance and Perseverance

We know that mental challenges are supposed to make us stronger. I realised that although my body was exhausted, those runs actually revitalised me. My mind was never clearer than when I was out training and sweating hard. It was during those sessions that my creativity surged and my plans for client workshops and life in general lost their fuzziness and became clear.

Endurance has always been my strong point, but as with any team project, there are moments when your motivation is at rock bottom because you’ve encountered a brick wall. Imagine working on a project and you get setback after setback. Without the team, it is sometimes hard to get back on your feet. Positive team dynamics are what motivate you to supporting one another.

Just three weeks before the marathon start, I was out training and did the worst run of the year. I was on a business trip, and had to do a 27km run, in a location that I didn’t know well. It was stinking hot, 34 degrees Celsius at 8:30am, no water fountains anywhere. By km 13 I was almost in tears, breathing heavily, dehydrated and thinking I wasn’t going to finish the run. In fact, I didn’t. I made it to about only 20km and had to stop in insufferable pain.

When motivation lacks , positive team dynamics come to the rescue

Did I want to pull out of the marathon? Yes. I was three weeks away from reaching my goal and I was quite convinced I was going to fail. I had put myself through excruciating hours of training. My 33km Sunday runs which took me away from friends and family were tormenting. On every one of those runs, I asked myself at around km 10, why I was doing this to myself.  I would get home close to tears, looking awfully dishevelled, feeling very embarrassed.

It’s when you’re down and losing confidence, without any energy for being creative that your team supports you the most. The team can give you the mental fortitude you need to overcome the hurdles. I always mentioned my down moments to the people around me who know me well and know how dedicated I am. They were able to put me back on the right track each time, knowing what I needed to hear to refocus.

Support and Collaboration

Without them it would have been very hard to pick up and start again each time. A team where psychological safety prevails is one where individuals can express themselves freely without feeling they are going to be laughed at or blamed. Individuals would also understand when hyperbole is appreciated or despised. Telling someone they are awesome when they really think they have nothing more to offer does not always help. You need to know the communication techniques of your team and know when “super” and “wonderful” are appreciated and when they aggravate. Team members can then take risks and admit to their mistakes without feeling they have been defeated.

Team support and collaboration reached its height in those crucial moments. The last two weeks showed me how much support I had from the group of people I was working with. Friends also wanted to make sure I was looking after myself and that I’d be ready for the big day. This in turn created even more trust.

Sometimes it’s not easy providing support to our colleagues especially if they seem to not need it. That’s probably the most important time to offer it.  It can start off very easily with a very simple non-threatening question, “How are you today?” Don’t accept, “I’m fine,” as an answer. Ask further, without appearing patronising. Ask open questions. “How is XYZ coming along. What challenges are you currently facing?”

Understanding when to offer help to your team

I was able to express myself to what I considered at that stage to be my team. As the marathon approached, friends and family became excited for me. The team dynamics changed as they also became members of the team. They would ensure that I was eating well even when we ate out together, always checking that I ate my salads and protein. While on a client workshop, a work colleague was adamant that I receive all my macro nutrients. Each time she asked me what I had eaten for lunch and dinner she made me smile. We all know how much a smile can energize us. It spurred me on to be the best I could.

If you do not express your angst and worries to your team members, how are they supposed to support you? If you always tell them that everything is fine, they cannot help you work on what is actually not fine. Sometimes it just takes a second mind to help problem solve issues that alone seem unsurmountable.

Reaching the objective

We arrived in Nice the evening before the marathon, the day before my birthday and it was pouring rain. My heart felt heavy. I had trained in a bit of rain, but nothing like what I was experiencing that evening. I started to think of the negative impacts (was I just trying to find excuses for a bad result?). “I won’t reach my goal because my shoes will be soaking wet and very heavy.” Excuses, excuses.

Finally, I looked around for positive elements that would help me sleep well and find my confidence. Above my hotel bed was a black and white picture of Audrey Hepburn. She is my idol. I had her looking over my shoulder all night. I felt then that the next day was going to go well. At that stage, I finally decided that I had put in all the hard work and I was just going to go out and enjoy the day. Que sera sera.

The big day came. I woke up to find the sun shining brightly through my hotel window. There were messages in my WhatsApp from friends wishing me luck wanting to know how they could follow me along the way. I was energized. It was an extraordinary morning. For the first 32km I felt as though I was flying. I felt light, the sun was shining and I felt unstoppable.

Everyone has a role to play

Team dynamics changed once again. The team had now grown to include the volunteers who were supporting us  at the start of the race and the spectators all along the coast cheering us all on. It was energising to see other runners looking tired and yet still making it to the next milestone. Solo work can be satisfying because you know that the success is yours alone, but collaboration beats solo work any time in my eyes. Without all the support from those around me, I may never have even arrived at the start line, let alone reached my desired finish time.

As km32 my legs felt heavy. But I had made it this far, I was not going to let my heavy legs stop me. I trudged on and reached the final km almost laughing with joy as I passed the finish line at 3:35:9.

What is success without being able to celebrate it with the rest of the team? One of the first people I contacted at the end of the race, was my physiotherapist. He had sat with me and massaged me through tears, anger, frustrations and a whole lot of moments where I was feeling sorry for myself. He was ecstatic at the result and we celebrated together.

Celebrate milestones with your team

Celebrating milestones with your colleagues, fosters a sense of camaraderie and motivates team members to continue striving for success.

My husband was joyous that the mad Sunday morning trainings were over and we could enjoy a plentiful and satisfying breakfast together, not to mention a glass of red wine with dinner.

Celebrating team achievements in the workplace is paramount to supporting your colleagues. It gives them insight about what role they play in the overall organisation. Knowing that without each individual playing their part, the team cannot function as a whole, and without the team support individuals stifle to achieve their own individual milestones.

Teamwork and support are essential for achieving success, both in running a marathon and in a professional setting. Celebrating small achievements and accomplishments fosters a culture of belonging and support which in turn helps the team thrive.

What are your experiences related to team support and collaboration and how it impacts an individual’s sense of self-worth? Feel free to connect with me if you’d like to discuss further.

Change blame to accountability in culture diverse teams by creating psychological safety

How to change blame to accountability on your team

A few years ago I was working on a team with four other women. I thought we all got along beautifully; we laughed and joked constantly and seemed to have a thriving team culture.

However, often when something didn’t go well, my teammates tended to blame others rather than accept accountability for not achieving set tasks. At times they also blamed me. “Sorry,” they’d say, “we couldn’t finish this document on time because John from Finance didn’t send us the information.” Or, “This presentation isn’t ready because you haven’t yet given us approval for the photos we would like to use.”

Blame is a common factor when psychological safety is missing

Blame rather than accountability, is a common factor when psychological safety is missing from the team. Psychological safety is one the most important factors in creating thriving teams. In her book, the “Fearless Organization”, Amy Edmondson, explains that when there is psychological safety, there is a shared belief that the work environment is safe for interpersonal risk, including accepting accountability.

We fear laughter and ridicule, therefore we blame others for our unaccomplished tasks.

Trust and respect generate psychological safety

For a team to feel that there is psychological safety, individuals need to trust and respect one another. Trust and respect allow for productive disagreements or giving feedback without feeling ashamed or disrespected.

In culture-diverse teams, building this level of trust and respect can be challenging. We see the world according to our different cultural influences. These cultural factors could be related to our gender, where we were brought up, our education or our profession. This in turn influences what we feel is the correct way to build trust with our colleagues. The same goes for how we feel about disagreeing with colleagues, how much information we wish to share with others, give feedback and even what motivates us to spend a few extra hours in the office or not.

We build trust through understanding the underlying values of our colleagues

To create psychological safety in a culture-diverse team, we need to be able to see and understand the perspective of our teammates. Do they believe in maintaining a very harmonious environment without any conflict? Do they therefore need time to get to know a person well before giving feedback? Or on the contrary, are they comfortable in a meeting saying exactly what is on their mind, irrespective of how long they’ve known the other person?

Even if we finally do not agree with their perspective we need to at least try to comprehend it. By demonstrating to our colleagues that we are open to seeing the world through their eyes, we start to create a level of trust and respect that is the first step to creating a psychologically safe environment.

How to change blame to accountability

Once we have trust and respect on the team, our colleagues will be more inclined to open up and be accountable for their tasks.

Does your team have psychological safety?

If you’re wondering whether there is pychological safety on your team, ask yourself these two simple questions:

  1. If you make a mistake on this team, is it held against you?
  2. Is it difficult to ask other members on the team for help?

If you answered yes to both questions, you’re probably on a team where individuals feel trusted and respected. If you answered no, think about why not.

Culturelink - Thriving Teams discuss Culture

A thriving team discusses culture to reach high performance

Thriving teams discuss culture… twice.

A few years ago, I was working in Brazil, leading a small team of Brazilian women. After a few months of working together on our project, I had the bitter surprise that one of my team members was spiralling…downward. She was losing motivation, losing trust in me and believed that I did not trust her. At that stage, I was concerned that our team was not only going to fail in reaching its set objectives, but that I personally was ruining what could have been an exciting and rewarding experience for this young woman.

In order for a team to thrive it needs to discuss culture… twice.

  • The first discussion needs to revolve around the personal cultural influences of each individual.
  • The second discussion should be an exploration of what kind of culture the team wishes to create.

A team’s various cultural influences create cognitive diversity

With the team in Brazil, I had made the mistake of starting off our project talking about the team’s objectives rather than talking about our cultural influences. A team’s various cultural influences create cognitive diversity. Teams that have high cognitive diversity are usually the most high-performing because they are able to view perspectives from very different angles and they have different means of processing information.

I should have been more inquisitive about the team’s cultural influences. By understanding my teammates’ values, I would learn what was important to them and in particular, what motivated them.

When we talk about cultural influences we are looking at all experiences in our life that have shaped the way we perceive the world. These influences affect our behaviour and the way we do business.

Thriving teams discuss culture to eliminate assumptions

When we talk about cultural influences we are not just discussing the values of the country we were brought up in. Our cultural influences have a far wider reach. Amongst other things, our cultural influences are related to:

  • where we were brought up in the world
  • education, (formal and informal)
  • profession
  • our religion
  • different abilities
  • our gender and our age, to name a few
cultural influences that influence our values and therefore the way we behave in the work environment

As each team member discusses their personal values and what influences them the most, it allows their colleagues to become aware of why that particular person behaves the way they do. This in turn helps eliminate forms of judgment and prejudice that can exist in a team.

“My manager is pretentious.”

Let’s look at the anecdote at the beginning of this article. For the sake of anonymity, I shall call my colleague Isabela. What had been happening when I finally noticed that Isabela was losing motivation and that she felt I did not respect her?

For weeks preceding this moment, Isabela had been giving me some important feedback on how to best reach my objectives when dealing with Brazilian stakeholders. I had not understood her feedback and therefore didn’t react to it. I had not understood her because I had not adapted my listening skills to her communication style. Isabela had been giving me feedback in a way that I was not accustomed to. When she noticed that I was not making any changes to my behaviour, she likely started to think the following:

“My manager is not interested in what I say to her. She probably thinks I am not experienced enough. She’s a bit pretentious and thinks she is the only one with any experience. I’m not going to give her any more suggestions, she doesn’t care anyway.”

Trust is the glue that helps a team reach high-performance

By then, Isabela was likely thinking that I didn’t trust her. Trust and therefore psychological safety is an important attribute of thriving teams. Individuals feel they can open up and discuss important matters without being laughed at or ignored, when there is trust. Trust gives them the feeling that it’s “safe” to be themselves. This is what leads to inclusion and to a positive team culture.

If I had taken the time to discuss Isabela’s values before starting off on our project, I would have discovered that she was very relationship-oriented and that she needed time and trust to open up and give feedback to her work colleagues.

Thriving team discuss culture twice

Step two of creating a thriving team is for the team to discuss culture… again. At this point though, the team needs to discuss what kind of culture the individuals would like to work in. When we talk about “team culture”, we are asking team members to acknowledge what behaviour is reinforced and rewarded by the team members. It therefore also indicates what behaviour is not acceptable.

It is the individuals of the team that should create the culture they wish be a part of. These team members know what motivates them to spend the extra hours dwelling over a problem. They also know (at this stage) how to deal with disagreement, and how to contradict one another in a way that will not offend other team members. They also know how to give one another constructive feedback.

Further topics of the team culture discussion can include items such as:

  • problem solving: for example what do you do when 2 out of 5 team members are not comfortable with brainstorming?
  • how does the team debate a topic when 3 out of 5 colleagues usually avoid conflict
  • how should the team make decisions when some of the members are not comfortable voicing their opinion

The discussion is the most important part of creating a positive high-performing team culture

The information shared and exchanged during such a discussion is the beginning of creating a safe environment. This discussion avoids making assumptions about your team members. Incorrect assumptions can lead to negative judgments that are often wrong.

If you feel your team might be lacking in communication or starting to mistrust one another, consider running through the above two activities to help create a thriving team culture.

Culturelink Remote Leader of a thriving team

Thriving Teams discuss culture

Thriving teams discuss culture

What is team culture? Culture is a set of norms (ways of behaving and communicating) that all members of the team consider acceptable. In a high-performing team, these norms are rewarded by all team members, consequently each individual feels they can be themselves. This motivates individuals and keeps the creative mind flowing. For that reason, team culture discussions also need to include what is shunned or not acceptable behaviour.

In project-based teams, team performance is often calculated according to whether or not the team finally achieved its task-related goal. Did they reach the deadline? Did the client say they were satisfied? Was the new product launched according to norms?

What constitutes team performance?

However, achieving the task-related goal is only one factor (1) of a high-performing team. According to the study below there are three factors that should be calculated each time:

  1. The team achieves measurable output of the task it has been assigned
  2. Team members ability to work together again in the future
  3. Satisfaction of team members’ individual needs and goals

If individuals leave the project feeling they have not achieved personal goals or that they were not motivated to be the best possible version of themselves, they will eventually leave the team or even the company and search for something else; maybe even head to the competitor.

HR then needs to invest in recruiting and training new personnel and the team members then need to learn to work together from scratch. This can be costly and time consuming for each new project, not to mention it can create a toxic team culture.

How does a thriving team discuss culture?

So how do you discuss team culture that allows for each individual to feel they are giving the most of themselves and also being respected, listened to and taken seriously?

  1. Start with understanding the personal communication preferences of each individual. Here are just a few examples:
  • How do they deal with disagreement?
  • How much information or detail do they need before being able to make a decision?
  • How much trust and interaction do they need before being able to give honest feedback to one another?
  • How do they deal with change? Do they thrive on risk and run head-first into a project and look at details along the way or do they need to plan the details before starting and even have a plan B and C for security?

2. Discuss how each of the individuals on the team might perceive these preferences

  • Look at similarities and differences. Diversity creates strength on a team because you have less group-think.

3. Decide together on acceptable group conducts and norms to improve collaboration

4. Think about what to do when the team strays from that norm

Thriving teams discuss culture and create the team culture they want to be a part of.

What are your thoughts on what makes a high-performing team? What motivates you in teamwork?

 

1. Ursula Brinkmann and Oscar van Weerdenburg, Intercultural Readiness, Four competences for working across cultures, page 140